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The pillars of Hajj (Arkan al-Hajj) are the essential acts of worship that form the foundation of the pilgrimage. These rites carry deep spiritual meaning and must be fulfilled for the Hajj to be valid. While the detailed rulings may differ between Islamic schools of thought, the core rites reflect the pilgrim’s submission, devotion and obedience to Allah.
Ihram and Intention
The pilgrim enters the sacred state of Ihram with the sincere intention to perform Hajj. Ihram represents a state of spiritual preparation and devotion, in which pilgrims leave behind worldly distinctions and turn their hearts towards Allah.
Wuquf at Arafat
Standing at Arafat is the central rite of Hajj. Pilgrims gather on the plain of Arafat on the 9th of Dhul Hijjah, spending the day in prayer, supplication, remembrance and repentance. The gathering is a powerful reminder of the Day of Judgement and the equality of all believers before Allah.
Tawaf al-Ifadah
After Arafat, pilgrims perform Tawaf al-Ifadah, circling the Ka'bah seven times. This is one of the essential rites of Hajj and represents continued devotion and submission to Allah.
Sa'i between Safa and Marwah
Pilgrims perform Sa'i, walking seven times between the hills of Safa and Marwah. This commemorates the perseverance of Hajar (peace be upon her) and her search for water for her son Isma'il (peace be upon him), while reminding pilgrims of the importance of trust in Allah.
